Andrew asked:

How can Good exist without Evil?

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What are you implying? Is it that good cannot be seen to exist without the contrast of evil? Or that
good only exists to destroy evil? Whichever is implied we are still left with a teasing dilemma. If God is
the creator of the universe, why allow evil into the creation in the first place? Or could it be that God
did not have all his own way, working as the creator of good alongside the creator of evil? Some
religious people believe in the existence of a very strong Devil.

There is no doubt that the battle between good and evil seems to have been going on since the world
began, but in a 'natural' world "red in tooth and claw" a caring God seems to take second place.
However, as your question implies, it would appear that the evil we see round about us stimulates the
concept that there must be some power for good to which an appeal can be made. There is also the
notion at the root of religion that the world is the creation of a 'good' power, but, somehow, evil has
managed to gain access. Some claim that a mistake was made initially by God when he allowed
humans to have a certain amount of freewill.

Then there is the question of evil itself, with all its variable concepts. Many regard the perceived
cruelty of nature itself to be evil, what is regarded by many as a natural and necessary food chain to
maintain the balance of nature, is seen by others to be an unnecessary form of cruelty which
extrapolates to evil. Here is another dilemma: take the simple case of a domestic cat coming in from
the garden with a dead bird in its mouth; the owner of the cat gives the animal a good beating. Which
action can be interpreted as evil, the action of the cat in killing the bird, or the action of the owner in
beating the cat, or both? Some will say that a natural action, though cruel, cannot be evil, but an
action punishing natural activity is both cruel and evil. So, we are presented yet again with a
complicated problem regarding God. If God is the creator of nature, surely He could have presented
us with a kinder regime of nature. How could a loving God confront us with such cruelty?

Separate from nature are the choices regarded as evil, or which lead to evil, made by humans
themselves. A choice to murder, rob, deceive, inflict pain, betray, hate, etc.. Pertinent to your
question, it might appear that God is somehow responsible for the evil which your question suggests
He cannot live without. However, the existence of God depends on factors other than evil, the general
claim is that the universe must have a creator, and most are content to believe that this must be God.
Regarding God as the creator means that he exists whether or not evil is present. Perhaps the 'Grand
Design' must include evil to make it work properly. Supporters of God would not argue with this
seeing that their apology rests on the premise that God knows best. As Kant implied, our minds are
not constructed to go beyond a certain level of knowledge, i.e. there are things which will remain
outside the powers of human understanding.

Perhaps we should be content with the words of the hymn: "God moves in a mysterious way, His
wonders to perform." Which provides some support for accepting evil as an essential part of creation.
How many times have we looked back at something evil and destructive in our lives, only to find that
if it had not happened the subsequent good arising from it would have been denied us? There are so
many things in our lives where good has had to be preceded by bad.

John Brandon